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Nature Neuroscience:科学家发现影响ALS新基因突变
发布时间:2013/08/27

最近有学者在《自然—神经科学》上发表对ALS新基因突变的研究。SS18L1(又称CREST)基因产生的突变,对肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)来说可能是一种危险因子,这是《自然—神经科学》上发表的一项研究的结论。由此,与ALS有关的潜在基因风险因子又多了一种。ALS,通常被称为“葛雷克氏症”,是一种累进性神经退行疾病,以上、下运动神经元(控制肌肉收缩的一种神经元)的选择性退化和凋亡为特征,会引发瘫痪、最终导致死亡。科学家目前已找到影响ALS发病的一些基因,但是绝大部分病例的病因仍是未知。

为了弄清是否还有其他潜在基因突变会影响ALS的发病,Aaron D.Gitler等人检查了47个家庭的基因信息,以找到仅在感染者体内出现的一种基因序列的突变情况。他们发现CREST基因的一种突变——CREST基因对神经元的表达在其中一个病例和有ALS病史的家庭中非常丰富。尽管研究人员清楚知道CREST基因突变是如何导致ALS的发病,但关于这种重要发病途径的研究只是迈出了第一步。

(生物谷 Bioon.com)

Neuroscience doi:10.1038/nn.3412

Exome sequencing to identify de novo mutations in sporadic ALS trios

Alessandra Chesi, Brett T Staahl, Ana Jovičić, Julien Couthouis, Maria Fasolino, Alya R Raphael, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Laura Elias, Meraida Polak, Crystal Kelly, Kelly L Williams, Jennifer A Fifita, Nicholas J Maragakis, Garth A Nicholson, Oliver D King, Robin Reed, Gerald R Crabtree, Ian P Blair, Jonathan D Glass & Aaron D Gitler

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease whose causes are still poorly understood. To identify additional genetic risk factors, we assessed the role of de novo mutations in ALS by sequencing the exomes of 47 ALS patients and both of their unaffected parents (n = 141 exomes). We found that amino acid–altering de novo mutations were enriched in genes encoding chromatin regulators, including the neuronal chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF) component SS18L1 (also known as CREST). CREST mutations inhibited activity-dependent neurite outgrowth in primary neurons, and CREST associated with the ALS protein FUS. These findings expand our understanding of the ALS genetic landscape and provide a resource for future studies into the pathogenic mechanisms contributing to sporadic ALS.